Thou Blind Mans Mark

Life leads us to excessive wishes that often result in a man’s downfall. Sir Philip Sidney in the passionate â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark† portrays his hypocrisy towards desire and shows how it influenced to their downfall and destruction. In his sonnet, Sidney uses metaphor, alliteration, repetition and personification to convey his feelings for desire. Throughout â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark† Sidney uses metaphors that clearly illustrates the effects of desire on one’s life. He begins with the metaphor of desire as a â€Å"blind man’s markâ€Å", the title of the poem, that shows desire is aimless.He then goes on to call desire â€Å"fools chosen snare† illustrating that desire is an act of foolishness, moreover he adds weight to his accusations by comparing desire to the â€Å"web of will† a difficulty brought by men upon themselves.. The use of these metaphors allows the reader to understand his views that to desire c ould be counted as the biggest mistake of a person’s life. Sidney continues to convey his dislike of desire with the use of alliteration. He uses alliteration to parallel desire and increases the reader’s interest in the poem.The repetition of specific words emphasizes his negative thoughts on desire. For example he says â€Å"cradle of causeless care†. This focuses on the idea that desire can cause one to care about someone for no real reason. He uses this technique again when he says, â€Å"with price of mangled mind†, a similar idea that while trying to accomplish a foolish task he yet didn’t achieve anything but still lost his sanity. Other example includes â€Å"fond fancy’s scum† where the poet compares desire to dirt, and illustrates that it is an addiction.Sidney also uses repetition to highlight his consistent encounters with desire. His repetition of â€Å"too long! † shows his frustration with desire and the long ter m effects it has on him. It is clear that Sidney is unhappy with the way desire had effected his actions and decisions he has made in his life. He also repeats â€Å"in vain† that discusses the impact of desire on is life and how it hurts the people that feel desire. He used personification to mortalize his enemy and show life to his hatred of desire.

Computer science and information technology Essay

The hard work and determination to create opportunities for change remains to be the main inspiration of man towards the attainment of his personal goals and objectives. They use these experiences as motivation and strength to further advance in their respective fields. Not only does it enhance their capabilities as an individual, at the same time it provides the necessary stepladder in attaining success. With these, I wish to express my intention to apply for a PhD degree in Web Engineering Technology. The realm of computer science and information technology has always fascinated me. It stimulated my mind of this complex processes that happens within for a particular system to work. This complexities and possibilities have made me keen of the possible opportunities that are yet to be discovered or formulated. This however, can only be facilitated by further education and research. Looking at my educational background, I finished my Bachelor of Science in Computer Science. After this, I began teaching students about the things I had learned during my study. Given my good academic standing, I was given a full scholarship by my country to study in the United States. This proved to be too good to be true for me as it can help me achieve my long term goals – better my skills and competence in the field. Being an international student, I was faced with numerous struggles and difficulties adjusting. But my hard work paid off. Now, I am currently finishing my last semester to complete my Masters degree in Computer Science. I can say that this experience enhanced my interpersonal and leadership skills which I can effectively apply in practice. Now, it is my utmost intention to pursue a PhD program and focus on the field of Web design Technology. I chose this specialization because I am greatly interested in the increasing number of techniques and strategies available in Web Design. Likewise, I had familiarized myself with this study and hope that in the future I can be able to provide a lot of research in my chosen field of profession. In the end, this stepping stone is a vital process towards my personal fulfillment and professional success.

Nigerian Economy: Macroeconomic Analysis

sisNigeria – Country Report 2012 61310039 Indian School of Business 7/6/2012 Contents Economic Overview3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)3 GDP Composition4 Inflation4 Shadow Economy5 Trade Overview5 Foreign Debt7 Labor Market & Human Capital7 Population and Income Inequality8 Unemployment9 Currency10 Money Supply and Monetary Control10 Fiscal policy12 Exchange rates12 Interest Rates13 Foreign Direct Investment14 Globalization and Comparative Advantage14 Conclusion15 References16 Economic Overview Nigeria's economy is estimated to be worth about $262bn, making it one of the largest economies in Africa.The estimates and analysis of various indicators is discussed in the later sections. The country has fared better than many other countries during the global economic downturn, but systemic problems in infrastructure and the labor market mean that its position in the Economist Intelligence Unit's global rankings remains towards the bottom during the forecast period, at 75th out of 82 countries. Efforts to create a significantly more attractive business environment are likely to produce only modest results owing to the slow pace of more fundamental reforms. Nigeria has taken steps to simplify trade by working on its tariff structure.However, there is still a protectionist sentiment in the country. Cross border smuggling is still a major concern and is liable to remain an important feature of the Nigerian economy. The capacity and efficiency of Nigerian ports (Trade) have improved following the implementation of an ambitious concessioning program that transferred management of terminals to private operators. However, although the reforms have improved port operations and ship turnaround times, there remains the problem of corruption in the customs service, which can complicate and delay the clearance of goods. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)The latest GDP projection data as brought out by World Bank is $ 268. 5 billion (2013 F) and the country population is projected at 175 million translating into a GDP/Capita to 2,213. The Real GDP Growth for Nigeria has been at 6. 8 %. However, considering the disparity in the country’s infrastructure viz-a-viz other Asian developing nations the growth rate is not enough for substantial improvement. Nominal GDP| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| 2012(F)| 2013(F)| US$ bn| 166. 5| 208. 1| 169. 4| 196. 3| 244. 2| 262. 4| 268. 5| N bn| 20,941| 24,665| 25,225| 29,498| 37,590| 42,877| 46,720| Real GDP growth %| 6. | 6| 7| 7. 8| 7. 4| 6. 4| 6. 9| Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| GDP Composition In Nigeria, the Investment component of the GDP as compared to the private consumption and government is very low, hovering at 17 % approximately. A developing market is required to invest around 40 to 50% of GDP in capital investment for successive number of years. However that is not seen with Nigeria. Hence, the prospect of Nigeria as an investment destination appears to be grim in the near future. | 2007| 2008| 200 9| 2010| 2011| 2012 F| 2013 F| Private consumption| 6. 6| -34. 3| 6. 4| -26. 7| 11. 8| 9. | 10. 4| Government consumption| 90. 8| 4. 4| -8. 1| 17. 8| 12| 8. 5| 8| Gross fixed investment| 24. 5| -6. 8| 9. 1| -3. 6| 6. 5| 6| 6. 5| Exports of goods & services| -11. 7| 43. 4| -30| 11. 4| 11. 9| 10. 4| 12. 4| Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| The graph below gives the GDP contribution – Industry wise for Nigeria. Crude is one of the major contributors to the GDP. Hence, and rate fluctuations in the price of crude oil have added volatility in the Nigerian GDP. Inflation Despite monetary tightening carried out by the CBN in 2011, the forecast for inflation remains negative.Inflation is expected to increase to 12. 7% in 2012. Fiscal laxity by the states is one of the main reasons for this. In addition, the payment of the newly instituted minimum wages and the injection of funds into the bailed out banks, inflationary pressure is bound to continue for the rest of the year. It is exp ected moderate only in 2014 as a result of moderation in commodity prices. The April 2012 inflation data as obtained shows a Month-on-month inflation to be (0. 13%), Year-on-Year (12. 9%), 12-Month Avg. Chg. (11. 1%). The inflation rate is exceedingly high and is detrimental towards investment in the country.The Consumer Price Index and Nigerian Inflation rate is shown below. Source: Economic Intelligence Unit Shadow Economy The untaxed and unregulated revenues – by some estimates – account for between 40% and 45% of gross domestic product (GDP). Nigerians make most of their living, as street hawkers, minibus drivers, money changers or market traders. In spite of the abysmal performance of the country’s economy, poor infrastructure and unfriendly business environment Nigeria has huge potentials to be tapped because of its huge deposits of Natural Resources nd population that can be gainfully employed. The black economy accounts for a large part of the Nigerian e conomy. Trade Overview Nigeria has considerable natural resources such as oils, and the revenue from oil exports forms a major chunk of the Government fund. Nigeria has recently started a sovereign wealth fund and the excess returns from oil exports viz-a-viz projected returns is directed to this sovereign fund. This fund is building up at a slower pace as the revenue is being directed towards meeting government excess spending to meet the countries capital requirement.The country has been putting efforts to tighten the fiscal policy and the same has been reflected in their medium-term expenditure framework. The country has projected a year-on-year budget deficit of 1% of GDP. However, from the recent trends it appears that Nigeria will be able to sustain a year-on-year budget deficit of 2% given the prices of oil remain stable even though the current European turmoil and a slowdown in china can push oil prices down and lead to further increase in Nigeria’s Fiscal deficit.Nig eria intends borrowing from the international capital market for meeting its capital expenditure requirement in the near future. The total value of Nigeria's exports in the first quarter of 2012 is at about USD 30 billion, the exports to India has reached USD 4. 2 billion, compared to USD 3. 7 billion credited to the US in the period under review. Nigeria's export to India is mostly crude oil and cashew nuts while India exports pharmaceutical goods, machinery, electronics and rice. The US was trailed by the Netherlands with USD 2. billion, followed by Spain with USD 2. 4 billion and Brazil which recorded USD 2 billion. Nigeria is a member of the WTO and does not impose permanent import restrictions however it has a huge banned list of import goods which coupled with ad valorem tariffs have given rise to increase in smuggled goods. As such the restrictions do not seem to have benefited the local industries. There are specially designated export processing zones which provide benefits from tax, duties, foreign exchange restrictions and import-export restrictions.The Nigerian Export Credit Guarantee and insurance corporation (Nexim) provides insurance under the government’s export guarantee scheme. This has helped exporters in raising funds at subsidized rates for refinancing. Nigeria figures 133rd on the Doing Business in Index among 183 world economies and 15th among the 46 sub Saharan African economies. The trade balance of Nigeria for period 2007 to 2011 and forecasted data for 2012 and 2013 is given below. | 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| 2012(F)| 2013(F)|Trade balance| 37,748| 45,885| 25,342| 20,237| 34,528| 34,131| 28,778| Goods: exports fob| 66,040| 85,729| 56,121| 73,698| 103,847| 114,068| 111,836| Goods: imports fob| -28,291| -39,844| -30,779| -53,461| -69,319| -79,937| -83,058| Services balance| -16,902| -22,113| -16,479| -19,231| -24,761| -24,278| -25,914| Income balance| -11,747| -15,059| -14,404| -18,623| -22,905| -20,913| -24,624| Current tra nsfers balance| 18,545| 19,366| 18,694| 20,092| 25,004| 27,387| 28,562| Current-account balance| 27,643| 28,079| 13,153| 2,476| 11,867| 16,327| 6,802| Source: Economic Intelligence Unit|Nigeria and its neighboring African nations have imposed strong continental Trade Barriers which is depriving the continent of new sources of economic growth, new jobs and leading to a sharp fall in poverty and other factors. However, many African countries are losing several billions of dollars in potential trade earnings every year, because of high trade barriers with neighboring countries. It is easier for Africa to trade with the rest of the world than with itself.The Policy progress in the nation has been restricted due to political instability and tussle between the presidency and senior economic team. Policies towards changes in exploiting the proceeds from fuel exports are always the concern restricting policy improvements. The country has huge limitation in the power sector and the governmen t has initiated privatization program focused mainly on the power sector, However the progress has been slow as a result of private-sector reluctance, the various vested interests involved and strong union opposition.This is limiting foreign investments in Nigeria. Nigeria urgently requires Tax reform for attracting investments in the country and this policy reform is high on the political agenda. However due to conflicting interests and the fragile nature of the Nigerian administration reforms are expected to be slow. Foreign Debt Due to the economic slowdown public sector revenue and expenditure has contracted in the past 3 years. As a result of the budget deficit, infrastructure is facing acute shortage which is mostly financed by internal public borrowing while also seeking access to external funding.The Nigerian government has set on the path of prudent reforms to reduce total spending while improving funding for capital requirements for efficient spending that will translate t o long term economic growth. The government also launched a Euro denominated bond in 2011 and expects to return to the international debt capital markets again in the next few years. Labor Market & Human Capital The education system of Nigeria is in a poor state unable to meet the educational requirement of the country. There are currently only 46 tertiary institutions in Nigeria providing education covering all functional areas.Out of the 42m Nigerian children who ought to be in primary school, less than 24m are in school. Out of the 33. 9m children of secondary school age, only 6. 4m are in secondary schools. The pass rate for JAMB examinations is about 20% – indicates poor quality of secondary school graduates. The educational system has not been tailored to meet developmental needs of the nation. Any foreign investment has to transfer both funds and human capital to the country. There are no improvements visible in the near vicinity.The Nigerian Labor market is marred wit h constraints and there appears little prospect in the near future of resolving many of the key constraints to improving the labor market in Nigeria. Most of the talented Nigerians prefer to move out of the country and the country is suffering from a ‘brain drain’. Nigeria has a large number of very capable professional and highly skilled workers in a range of sectors. Unfortunately for the country, large numbers, particularly in the medical profession, live and work overseas, and the restoration of civilian rule in 1999 has failed to bring an end to the brain drain’. Although labor law reform in 2005 weakened the capacity of the unions to organize political or sympathy strikes, the labor movement remains powerful, capable of organizing paralyzing national strikes. Value of indexa| | Global rankb| | Regional rankc| | 2006-10| 2011-15| 2006-10| 2011-15| 2006-10| 2011-15| 4. 4| 4. 6| 80| 80| 16| 15| a Out of 10. b  Out of 82 countries. c  Out of 17 countries: A lgeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, UAE, Angola, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| Population and Income Inequality The population in Nigeria is growing at a very fast pace, but given the poor state of the countries health care and educational system, this is only constraining the already dismal state of the country the growth rate is presented below, the high rate of population growth and the deteriorating state of infrastructure is not conducive enough for enticing foreign investment. Population (Million)| 2006| 2010| 2015| Total| 140. 4| 152. 2| 166. 7|Period averages (%)|   | 2006-10| 2011-15| Population growth|   | 2. 1| 1. 8| Labor force growth|   | 2. 4| 1. 9| Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| Poverty in Nigeria remains significant despite high economic growth. Nigeria retains a high level of poverty, with 63% living on below $1 daily, implying a decline in equity. There have been attempts at poverty alleviation, but the inequality has been rising. Income inequality worsened from 0. 43 to 0. 49 between 2004 and 2009. This is correlated with differential access to infrastructure and amenities.In particular, there are more rural poor than urban poor. This primarily results from the composition of Nigeria's economy. Oil exports contribute significantly to government revenues and about 15% of GDP, despite employing only a fraction of the population. Agriculture, however, contributes to about 45% of GDP, and employs close to 90% of the rural population. This incongruence is compounded by the fact that oil revenue is poorly distributed among the population, with higher government spending in urban areas than rurally.High unemployment rates have rendered personal incomes even more divergent. The graph below gives a comparison of the population below poverty line in relation to the total  Nigerian population. Data Source: Economic Intelligence Unit Unemp loyment According to the ‘2011 Annual Socio-Economic Report' released by the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics, the total number of unemployed people have increased from approximately 7 million in 2006 to 16 million in 2011. In 2011, approximately 2. 1 million people were newly unemployed.The report has also predicted the new entrants into the unemployed pool to be around 8. 5 million in 2015. The increase is also interestingly explained by the tendency of Nigerian university graduates to stay away from labor intensive work. They are now ready to wait for a white collar job thus resulting in the entry of new university graduates into the unemployment pool. The total number of employed labor force has remained fairly constant from 2006 to 2011 at around 51 million. However, 10 million new people have been added to the labor force during 2006-2011.The increase in labor force could be explained by the steady increase in the number of universities, polytechnics and colleges of educati on. While the enrollment in universities and polytechnics has decreased from around 460,000 in 2006 to 340,000 to 2011, enrollment in colleges of education has increased during the same period. Whereas the enrollment in state and federal institutions has decreased during 2006-2011, enrollment in private institutions has increased steadily. According to the report, the increase in unemployment rate has been kept in check by Nigerian government's employment policies.The unemployment rate in rural areas was 25. 6% and 17. 1% in urban areas. The total national unemployment rate was 23. 9% in 2011. Total unemployment rate amongst males was 23. 5% in 2011 while the same rate amongst females was 24. 3%. The report explains that married women who previously stayed out of the labor force have now started entering the market for jobs due to a raise in claim for financial independence. More women are also now forced to enter the labor market because of the need to supplement the income of male s in families.The unemployment rate has been consistently growing in Nigeria due to lack of industries, political stability and a myriad of other reasons. Unemployment is leading to crime and shadow economy which is further hindering investments in the country. Data Source: Economic Intelligence Unit Currency The Legal Tender followed in Nigeria is the Naira (sign:  ? ;  code:  NGN). The Central Bank of Nigeria referred as CBN is the sole authority responsible for issuing and maintaining the volume of the currency in the Nigerian economy.The currency was adopted by Nigeria on 1st Jan 1973 replacing the pound that was being followed since the colonial days. Money Supply and Monetary Control The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the central bank of Nigeria. Since the global financial crisis of 2008-09, maintaining adequate liquidity and averting a total collapse of the banking system has been the main focus of the CBN. The CBN uses the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) to anchor short t erm money market rates and other interest rates in the economy.Open market operations conducted through the Treasury Bills auction is the major instrument of monetary policy. The CBN also uses discount window operations (including standing lending and deposit facilities, repo and reverse repo operations) and Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) in monetary management. The banking crisis of 2009 and the subsequent reform initiated in the banking sector has complicated the monetary policy. The central bank also ensures that there is sufficient lending in key sectors such as agriculture.Since 1977, Nigeria has had an Agric Credit Guarantee Scheme (ACGS) under the management of the central bank. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is responsible for maintaining a balance between its objective of managing inflation and the government's aim of reducing the cost of borrowing by the private sector to encourage investment in productive activities. The CBN is currently pursuing the former objective, having increased its prime interest rate six times during 2011: the Central Bank is attempting to counter what it sees as high inflationary expectations embedded in the system.As the forecast period progresses and the inflation outlook improves, the focus of the CBN will return to easing monetary policy and boosting lending to productive sectors. Nevertheless, this has been complicated by the banking crisis of 2009 and the subsequent reform program put in place by the Central Bank, which is likely to mean that risk aversion among the banks persists into the first part of the forecast period at least. Below is the summary of the key Monetary Indicators for Nigeria. Monetary indicators| 2007a| 2008a| 2009a| 2010a| 2011a| 2012b| 2013b| 2014b| 2015b| 2016b| |Exchange rate N:US$ (av)| 125. 8| 118. 5| 148. 9| 150. 3| 153. 9| 160. 7| 174. 0| 172. 0| 174. 0| 176. 0| Exchange rate N:US$ (year-end)| 118. 0| 132. 6| 149. 6| 150. 7| 158. 3| 170. 8| 173. 0| 173. 0| 175. 0| 177. 0| Exchange rate N:↚ ¬ (av)| 172. 44| 174. 33| 207. 46| 199. 42| 214. 19| 209. 71| 224. 46| 217. 58| 215. 33| 221. 76| Exchange rate N:â‚ ¬ (year-end)| 173. 66| 184. 49| 215. 49| 201. 31| 210. 42| 221. 23| 222. 31| 215. 39| 219. 63| 223. 02| Real effective exchange rate, CPI-based (av)| 38. 05| 42. 32| 38. 59| 42. 11| 42. 74c| 46. 39| 46. 44| 50. 42| 53. 60| 56. 5| Purchasing power parity N:US$ (av)| 71. 31| 80. 30| 88. 60| 99. 68| 115. 8c| 120. 9| 121. 0| 123. 9| 129. 2| 136. 3| Money supply (M2) growth (%)| 58. 1| 53. 6| 20. 6| 3. 7| -0. 5| 8. 7| 20. 5| 19. 6| 17. 5| 18. 5| Domestic credit growth (%)| 358. 3| 55. 9| 41. 1| 14. 1| 28. 1| 7. 9| 21. 5| 20. 7| 18. 2| 17. 7| Commercial banks' prime rate (av; %)| 16. 9| 15. 5| 18. 4| 17. 6| 16. 0| 16. 0| 14. 0| 13. 0| 13. 5| 13. 8| Deposit rate (av; %)| 10. 3| 12. 0| 13. 3| 6. 5| 5. 7| 6. 0| 5. 8| 5. 8| 5. 8| 5. 5| Money-market rate (av; %)| 6. 9| 8. 2| 3. 8| 3. 8| 8. 5c| 8. 8| 7. 0| 6. 5| 6. | 6. 0| a  Actual. b  Economist Intelligence Unit foreca sts. c  Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. Source: EIU| Fiscal policy While Nigeria’s fiscal policy during the last half of the decade has been favoring expansive expenditure in the productive sectors, there is growing pressure to introduce tough, unpopular market reforms to tighten the fiscal policy. However it will be difficult to do so considering the different interest groups that the government needs to placate and wider legislature that favors greater government expenditure to counter the crippling infrastructure deficit.Even as investment in infrastructure remains critical, how the government manages to bring down the share of recurrent expenditures while improving the quality of capital expenditure is the key challenge. Another challenge for the government will be how it manages its dependence on oil prices, the key component of its revenue. A return to recession in Europe or a less than expected growth in China could bring down the oil prices. Exchange rates Th e Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has been responsible for managing the exchange rate and this was being done by auctioning of foreign currencies.The CBN sets the exchange rate. However, Nigeria’s currency fluctuations is correlated to fluctuations in the oil prices. In 2007, the Naira saw significant appreciation viz-a-viz the dollar due to increase in Global crude prices. Nigeria’s central Bank intends making the Naira exchange rates floating and policy decisions are being formulated towards this objective. The CBN also intends to make the exchange rate independent to the extent possible and aims at intervening only to meet defined policy objectives.The country has seen a huge depreciation of the Naira in the past 3 Decades, presently owing to the stable and strong crude prices the currency is considerably stable but is forecasted to slip further if the Global Economic crisis continues to deter. Source: http://www. exchangerates. org. uk/ Interest Rates The CBN kept it s benchmark interest rate at 12%. The CBN will find it hard to balance its objective of managing inflation and the government’s aim of reducing the cost of borrowing by the private sector to boost investment.Nigeria has seen a slowdown in economic growth in its economy as a result of slackening in global economic activities. As the tight liquidity condition persists, short term interest rates have been rising for the past couple of years. Another cause of concern for the CBN was the slowdown in interbank lending, which prompted the CBN to guarantee placements in the interbank market. This also helped bring down the interest rates in the short term money markets, such as the interbank call rates.The above table indicates the Monetary Aggregates and Interest Rates as obtained in 2010. Foreign Direct Investment Although the government will continue to welcome foreign direct investment (FDI), the level of FDI outside the oil and gas sector will remain low in relation to the poten tial size of the market. This reflects the complexities of the local business environment, together with the bureaucracy, corruption, low productivity, poor infrastructure and low income levels that restrict the potential market.The salient feature of the policy is enumerated. Full foreign ownership is allowed in all sectors apart from banking, although the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has been more relaxed on the issue since the 2009 crisis in the sector and the subsequent need to recapitalize the affected banks. A new bill proposes to outlaw discretionary awards of oil and gas contracts, and stipulates that licenses must be given through â€Å"open, transparent and competitive† bidding processes.Nevertheless, a number of Asian investors, from China, India and South Korea in particular, who have shown keen interest in entering Nigeria on the basis that they concurrently develop local infrastructure, may still find themselves the preferred bidder on new acreage. There is als o likely to be a continued bias towards policy favoring local business, as evidenced by the recent local content bill for the oil industry that gives indigenous firms priority in the awarding of oil concessions and requires foreign companies to employ more local staff.As a result, and with other countries set to improve more rapidly, Nigeria will slip in the global rankings from 67th to 71st out of 82  countries, and from 12th to 13th in the Middle East and Africa region. Value of indexa| | Global rankb| | Regional rankc| | 2006-10| 2011-15| 2006-10| 2011-15| 2006-10| 2011-15| 5. 1| 4. 6| 67| 71| 12| 13| a Out of 10. b  Out of 82 countries. c  Out of 17 countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, UAE, Angola, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa.Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) in Nigeria was 2. 99 as of 2010. Its highest value over the past 40 years was 8. 28 in 1994, while its lowest value was -1. 15 in 1980. The below outlines the Annual inflows of FDI along with its percentage composition of the gross fixed investment. (US$ m)| 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| 2012| 2013| 2014| 2015| Annual inflows of FDI| 4,854| 6,035| 5,487| 5,787| 3,000| 3,500| 6,000| 7,500| 7,250| 7,250| % of gross fixed investment| 40. 4| 39. 7| 32. 1| 35. 3| 13. 7| 14. | 20. 5| 20. 9| 16. 8| 14. 2| Source: Economic Intelligence Unit| Globalization and Comparative Advantage Nigeria has not benefited considerably from globalization due to mono-cultural export, inability to attract increased foreign investments and huge indebtedness. And the way forward for Nigeria is to focus towards diversification of exports, debt reduction and expand developmental cooperation. Nigeria got connected to the rest of the world with the arrival of British in the Year 1539 and by the 1800’s Nigeria was under complete control of the British Empire.And since then Nigeriaâ€℠¢s trade has been heavily dependent on British trade. Nigeria has been a country rich in natural resources and traded these resources for weapons and tools. This asymmetric trade is the reason for the wide variance in the distribution of the nation’s wealth. The country received its independence in 1960 and during that time the Farm products was its major export. Post-independence, farm products constituted the major portion of Nigeria’s Trade. The six major agricultural products then were cocoa, rubber, palm oil, groundnut, cotton and palm kernel.And this constituted 69. 4% of its total GDP for the year 1963/64. The other contributor to exports was oil. However, during that period oil was priced low at $3. 8 per barrel and thus was not much lucrative. The 1970’s saw Nigeria’s fortune turn with the jump in fuel price by almost 4 times. Nigeria had high grade petroleum reserves and these reserves were easier to extract. The petroleum price rose to $14. 7 p er barrel by January 1974 and rates continued to soar reaching a high of $38. 77 per barrel in 1981.Within the same period, total revenue from oil rose correspondingly. By 1978, oil contributed 89. 1% of Nigeria’s export and in the same year contribution from agriculture plummeted to 6. 8% of exports. The overdependence of the country’s economy on oil exports has seriously hindered the development in other spheres. Globalization poses a multitude of challenges on Nigeria. The countries very poorly on education, health, agriculture and industrial development and therefore it is imperative that Nigeria focuses on these area to fundamentally transform the nation.The country requires focusing on technological development and science and Technology are required to be central theme of their Developmental Strategy. The Country also requires focusing on basic Infrastructure such as power supply and telecommunications and these must exist regularly and uninterruptedly. Also, in dustrialization, including manufacturing and fabrication must be brought in at the center place. There is a need to revitalize agriculture by utilizing the technologies in the field and shifting to mechanized farming. ConclusionThere is an element of risk of doing business in Nigeria even though the debt of the country is in a manageable state. A prolonged European crisis and a slowdown in China will lead to dip in oil prices and Nigeria will face difficulties in meeting its deficit requirements. The currency of Nigeria-Naira is currently seen stable and after depreciating by an average of 6. 3% per year in 2012-13 to N174:US$1, the naira is expected to moderate more gently in subsequent years, to N176:US$1 in 2016, though the currency has seen a continuous downslide when data is compared for the last three decades.After the Banking crisis of 2009, the banking sector is skeptical on lending to private sector, however the confidence is returning. The political risk of the country is seen as high due to factions in the government and the rise in Islamist fundamentalism. Piracy is also a major phenomenon in the Gulf of Guinea which makes Nigeria’s coastline a risky shipping port. Nigeria declared a state of emergency in January 2012 in the northern parts due to a recent spate of terror attacks; however no civil war or major instability is expected in the short run.The government has been accused of largely ignoring public grievances like unemployment, poverty, inequality in wealth and corruption. Unless the government steps up to address these issues and establish credibility there is risk of escalation. The President Mr. Good luck Jonathan has recently commissioned investigations into allegations of corruptions in the oil subsidies and replaced the Chief of the Police for failing to root out infiltration by the insurgents into the government offices.However the effectiveness of these measures will depend on their enforcement. The future of the Nigerian ec onomy therefore depends on stabilizing governance and enabling the parliament to unlock major reforms in the Oil and Gas sector. References 1. Economic Intelligence Unit – (http://country. eiu. com/Nigeria) 2. CBN Monetary Survey 3. Exchange Rates – (http://www. exchangerates. org. uk/) 4. Shadow Economy Reference – (http://news. bbc. co. uk/) 5. Currency Reference – (http://www. cenbank. org/)

Research Proposal for Marketing in the Cruise Ship industry Essay

Research Proposal for Marketing in the Cruise Ship industry - Essay Example While the American cruise industry has had a head start, the European Cruise Council (ECC) claims that Europe recently has become the centre of gravity for the cruise industry of the world with a record of 4 million travellers. The United Kingdom has one of the largest sources of market for European cruises which has a share of 1.3 million passengers for the year 2007 (ETN, 2008). However, with the setting in of global recession, the UK cruise industry has also been hard hit with a fall in travellers overseas as compared to other countries in Europe. Companies which deal with cruise tours have been hard hit with no option but to continue with scheduled tours. Industrialists consider these situations grave, and are of the view that they should shut down supply by cancelling bookings. Others, owners of cruise lines such as Carnival, Seatrade, and MSC Cruises especially, are of the view that companies need to continue in order to survive the meltdown (holidayinsider.com, 2009). In such hard times, it is critical that companies change their approaches to management and marketing. This is a tricky business when considering the structure and operation of cruise businesses. By and large the cruise ship industry has been one of the fastest growing industries with a brief history of growth stemming from during 1970s in the North America, even though its origin had been European. The style of service delivery, product, management and plans for tours are different from the usual customer service oriented industries. This is because the nature of the cruise industry is perishable; that is once the cruise is underway the value of the room booked ends. Cruise lines depend entirely on their passengers to generate revenue as well as operation. It is highly demand elastic which makes it one of the most volatile industries in the world. Companies,

What makes a Good Leader Popular Theories of Leadership Essay

What makes a Good Leader Popular Theories of Leadership - Essay Example Terry (1994) says that competence for a managerial job is the product of both inherited and acquired qualities. Therefore the team leader has to be a good learner, so that he can capitalize on the stronger points of the team while trying to minimize the effects of weaker points. Pascale (1990) wrote that "managers do things right, while leaders do the right thing," A leader is supposed to be; Negotiator: The negotiating skills are the one's which distinctly differentiate a leader from other members. While stuck up in a tricky situation a leader uses his skills to convince the concerned people, tries to extract reasonable benefits for his team mates and negotiates a better deal from suppliers while weighing the outcomes of different alternatives. Coach: A leader has to be a good coach as well. He is supposed to impart the basic working principles amongst his team members. But he must not take this job so seriously that he starts interrupting the team members for each and every task. This results in undue interference in routine functioning of the team. Popular Theories of Leadership Many different writers and researchers have come out with differing styles and behavioral aspects of leadership and relevant theories. Theories of leadership may be classified under three headings: i. Trait theories, ii. Style theories, iii. Contingency theories. Trait Theories The trait theory values some traits or qualities of a leader. This theory is based on the assumption that the person is more important than the situation. It received some endorsement when it appeared that leaders such as Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin appeared to possess a mystical charm which captivated their followers. Trait theory assumers that A leader's intelligence should be above average and he or she should possess the ability to deal with complex problems. The leader should have the ability and initiative to see and deal with complex problems. Leaders are usually very self-confident and competent at their job. Leaders should have the ability to see problems in the wider context. This is known as the 'helicopter factor'. Trait theory has since attracted considerable criticism, as it places the individual's traits before the theories of management. But over the years history is replete with examples which indicate that such a theory has indeed worked wonders for the oraganisation or the country. Style Theories Style theories are based on the assumption that employees will work harder for managers who adopt certain styles of leadership. The following four styles were identified by Huneryager and Heckman in 1967: The dictatorial style: The manager tells his or her subordinates what to do, with the implied threat that they will be punished if they do not obey orders. This style is not widely used in industry and commerce. The autocratic style: Decision making is controlled by the leader, and participation by subordinates is not encouraged. Such a leader takes autocratic decisions based on his understanding of the situation. The democratic style: Such a leader believes in adopting an approach in which the subordinates are also consulted while taking some key decisions. Decision making is shared by the subordinates as well. For this to be really effective, the subordinates must be prepared to participate. The laissez faire style: Such an approach is said to be 'take it

Food chemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Food chemistry - Assignment Example The process does not change fatty acid composition of the starting material, therefore, interesterified oil or blends are considered to be stable. The process makes the oils have a smoother melting point, improves plasticity as crystallization properties change. There also is an improved functional and nutritional property associated to interesterification (Armond, 1998). Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of hydrogen across carbon-carbon multiple bonds and thus increases the saturation and the melting point. It is a process employed in the hardening of fats. In most cases, catalytic hydrogenation is utilised with nickel metal being the widely used catalyst. Three types of hydrogenation reactions are practiced. First is a light hydrogenation that reduces linoleic acid in soybean to produce oils with large shelf life. Second is extensive hydrogenation and third is partial hydrogenation. Partial hydrogenation involves the hydrogenation of some and not all double bonds present to be converted to single bonds. It is a complex process. Hydrogenation on heterogeneous catalyst is reversible and the double bonds remaining in the partially hydrogenated fat may have changed position and configuration. These affects melting point and has nutritional consequences (Frank, 2004; pg 146) Mohamed et al., (2012) developed functional fat from butter oil and moringa oleiferous oil (MOO) by interesterification. He seen a significant increase in oxidative stability with the increasing augmentation of MOO blends. From his study, he concluded that MOO and BO can be used in the formulation of functional and shelf stable fat. Vegetable oils and fats are known to be stable to oxidative rancidity, healthy and pose a low risk of coronary heart disease. In his study of oxidative stability, Mohamed et al. (2012) observed that peroxide levels at 100% augmentation of MOO were the lowest compared to levels at 50%. High peroxide

Middle eastern humanities essay paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Middle eastern humanities essay - Term Paper Example These stories also reveal the different cultures of people. There are various ways to manifest love and show it to people around them. The story of Laila and Majnun is a story of love without bounds. It knows no limit. Their love for each other swerves dangerously between two opposing ideas of sanity vs insanity. The love they felt each other is so strong that they tend to forget who they are. Their thoughts are only filled by the object of their affection. It corrupts them of their identity. No other reasons are good enough for them to face the other aspects of life such as family, religion, society, and culture. Love made Majnun appear crazy before men and society. He idolized Laila so much to the extent of kissing all the objects related to her, such as the walls, seat and even her dog. His love blinded him of his identity as human being. He obliges to the commands of his emotions to pursue his Laila regardless of his physical health. For him, nothing else must be regarded but his affection to his Laila. He sets aside education, forgetting norms of society, and neglecting the love of his family towards him. In the same manner, Laila is bound in chains at the same height of love sickness as her lover Majnun. She sets her delight to him only. Her studies, social life, and family were all sacrificed due to her love sickness for Majnun. Her family kept her at distance due to the insanity behavioral tendencies of Majnun all because of love. The love of Majnun and Laila is a tragic one. They are both incapable of handling the emotional stress that love brought to them. They forget the other aspects of life that can make a person whole. They were carried by the strong current of their affection for each other. And when they are not granted to be together, life is equated to death. Their story ended up tragically. Majnun, remained in hope in the promise of Laila to come back to where they last parted. He forgets his identity

Talking Styles Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Talking Styles - Assignment Example A conversation between two people and the choice of words they use determines what their relationships look like. People who are strangers may not have the same conversation compared to those who are dating. People who are dating have a rather close relationship and this is replicated in their conversation. In this regard, language style matching captures the responses from the two people and gives a verdict based on the respective conversations (Adler, 2014). Â  Language style matching is an essential tool that only relies on the very conversation. It does not depend on other external entities to have a conclusion. The matching style tool is, therefore, accurate to the point where it is used to analyze the conversations between two people. In essence, the verdict given by the matching tool is very much dependent only on the conversation. While the nature of the conversation is the critical aspect of it, one cannot independently verify the thoughts and meaning behind every conversation. However, to the extent where the language matching style determines the accuracy of two individuals in a conversation, the results are very accurate (McCarthy, 2012). Â  Language style matching to some extent is accurate in determining the quality of interpersonal relationships. However, it cannot be very accurate in predicting the quality of the conversation. Interpersonal relationships depend on a lot of elements in determining the value of the relationship between two people. While it is true that the language style matching style is very effective in determining the meaning behind every conversation, being used to determine the accuracy in an interpersonal relationship cannot be guaranteed. A conversation between two people may have a lot of meaning and importance. Some people could be very sincere in their conversation while others may not be as sincere (Adler, 2014). Â  

Request For Proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Request For Proposal - Assignment Example The identified company goes by the name Go Daddy taking the package on unlimited hosting space. Workers at the information technology department will be trained on ways of updating the website (Stephen, 2010). Our Company has worked with a number of nongovernmental organizations. Their websites are up and running while positive recommendations have been provided by the companies. The listings of the websites are the: The above websites were fully implemented by our company from design to provision of hosting services. The profile holds a mixture of nongovernmental, corporate and governmental websites. This makes our company to have wide experience in dealing with the wide global diverse clientele. Dealing with these clients leaves us being the best company of developing the European Union Website (Lydia, 2003). Our company has been in the business for 10 years specializing in design and implementation of web based systems. The company has grown from five employers to 50 employees in a period of two years. The number working in web site design is 30 people among the hundred workers within the company. Upon receiving this job we will dedicate ten of our best designer which will add to 10% of the company workforce to ensure timely delivery of the website. Our company is located in San Francisco city street 234 Zip 20300. The telephone number that can be used to contact us is 0100-2033-5567. The lines are open 24 hours a day for clients to make any enquiries (Dennis, 2007). The company will employ the prototype model in delivering the project to ensure its reliability and usability. The prototyping model will allow development of the first release of the website which is delivered to users to elicit their opinion on the website. Their opinion will be taken and included in the next release of the software which will be a half finished website with some of the functionalities fully working. The final prototype will

Develop and implement strategic plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Develop and implement strategic plan - Essay Example The company markets compact-sized (120 mm length, 250 mm height and 300 mm width), user friendly machines for very small businesses. As a general business practice, MacVille manufactures energy saving devices. Most of the machines in the company’s product line automatically switch off after 10 minutes of inactivity. The machines are priced between $200 and $700 depending on the size, technology and capacity of the machine. MacVille’s highest level of stewardship has enabled it to plan and manage its resources in an optimal manner and thus reward its shareholders with high profits. MacVille has always taken into consideration the interests of all stakeholders. Thus, in addition to the shareholders, MacVille takes care of its people, the environment and the communities in which it operates. The company recognizes the importance of a motivated team of employees and therefore runs its business through self-directed work teams. These teams have access to all the requisite information and are empowered to plan and control their operations. The company empowers these teams to take remedial measures and carry out their day-to-day activities independently. MacVille understands that its people are a source of competitive advantage. The company therefore nurtures and grooms its employees to become future leaders. These employees are not the ones who do merely as what they are told to do. Rather these people think for themselves and are adept to formulate the future direction for MacVille. The company follows a philosophy of praising the smallest of accomplishments which encourages its employees to take on more challenging tasks. The management of MacVille is committed to providing the highest standards of health and safety to its employees. The work areas at MacVille are designed to provide safe working conditions to its employees. Work safety helps workers

Summary of May the circle stay unbroken Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary of May the circle stay unbroken - Essay Example iteness† is frequently portrayed in visual formats but never discussed as an actual component with relevant racial positioning within society (Chidester, 2008). Chidester also addresses how the â€Å"whiteness† has assumed a strong racial position that is able to preserve a critical role in present-day American racial political arenas because it remains an unspoken subject (2008). This summary will highlight the major aspects of Chidester’s arguments as presented within the article and factors that the author believes has or will disseminate the air of invisibility that has historically cloaked the concept of â€Å"whiteness† (2008). The article continues to point out the historical implications of this concept in that the invisibility of the concept also empowered it and carried an assumption of privilege that may not bear the scrutiny of a public outing (Chidester, 2008). It is postulated that visual conceptualization of the concept will help minimalize the political power structured around it, which may fixate it and diminish its overall power (Chidester, 2008). Chidester continues to argue that visual media tends to represent â€Å"whiteness† as a moniker of privilege and reinforces the concept’s claim to the right to uphold its core sense of â€Å"purity† against other races by limiting and regulating contacts with the â€Å"racialized Other† (2008, p.160). The role of Friends as an example of a consistent portrayal of â€Å"whiteness† despite the absence of any racial context is highlighted as an example of the absence of â€Å"whiteness† through rhetoric (Chideste r, 2008). The consortium of racially and socio-economically homogenous cohorts despite being set in one of the most racially diverse cities in the world is emphasized throughout the sitcom through reinforcement of the closed circle, which symbolizes the exclusivity or â€Å"whiteness† without ever mentioning the concept (Chidester, 2008). NBC’s partnering of Friends with Seinfeld in their

Utility Programs and Macros Essay Example for Free

Utility Programs and Macros Essay Definition: A utility program is a program that performs a common task, such as copying and listing files on a list. Utility programs are generally provided alongside the operating system, but are sometimes bought separately. Many utility commands change with the operating system. Eg. In windows, the copy command is Ctrl + C, but in Mac OSx this changes to Command +C. The major tasks carried out by utility programs are: 1) Disk Formatting (Preparing either laser or hard discs for use) 2) Listing files in directories or folders. 3) Copying files, either from application to application, or within the same application. (Web browsers, word processors) 4) Copying discs 5) Renaming files 6) Backing up files, and also creating OS backups. (Time machine (Mac OSx), Windows Backup) 7) Running a file search in large files or directories Some other major tasks which operating systems often, but not always provide are: 1) File and Disc repair [Check disk, Defragmenter, Disk utility (Mac OSx)] 2) Anti-Virus tools, or malware checkers. (Windows Defender, Mac Cleaner) 3) Web Browser, to surf the internet. This could be standard, purchased, or freeware. (Safari, Internet Explorer) 4) File Compression, to compress files, and make the file size smaller. (Windows File Compression, Mac file Compression) Note: Often, these tools are not given by the Operating System, or are not advanced enough to be completely reliable. In this event, one may need to purchase the software. Eg. Norton Antivirus, Mcafee Antivirus, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Rockmelt, Winzip, 7-Zip, etc. MACROS: Definition: Macros allow you to automatically record a series of keystrokes, so that the key combination can record those keystrokes when required to do so. They are incredibly useful if you want to automate tasks which take too long to do, time and again, by hand. MACROS are available in most word processing applications, and are easy to use. They can save various things, such as fonts, font sizes, addresses, and even formats. One could create a MACRO that allows one to insert a document header, and footer, in a particular font, by just using two keystrokes. Creating a MACRO in MS Word is incredibly simple. This is how it is done: 1) Click on record MACRO at the bottom of the screen. 2) Give the MACRO a name. 3) Everything you do between turning the recorder on, and off, is recorded. 4) For example, you can insert a header and footer, type out an address, change the font to a particular size, etc. 5) In the status bar, click on stop recording. 6) In newer versions of Word, one must turn on the MACRO recorder in the developer tab, and then do what one wants.

Public Relations Of The Oberoi Hotel Mumbai Tourism Essay

Public Relations Of The Oberoi Hotel Mumbai Tourism Essay The marketing focus on the most fundamental requirment of companies to identify customer,research their need and prefrences. According to an American educator and writer Peter F. Drucker The aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well the product or service fits him and sells itself. According to Al Ries Strategy and timing are Himalayas of marketing. Everything else is Catskills Marketing strategy is a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. A marketing strategy should be centered on the key concept that customer satisfaction is the main goal The tourism consumer is the critical judge of successful marketing and public relations activities. In todays increasingly competitive marketing environment there has been a shift from traditional marketing techniques towards more aggressive and varied approaches to marketing and communication. The change from transactional to relationship management in marketing over the past fifty years has been marked by improvements in consumer satisfaction and client recommendation of repeat purchase of products and services. Brands today are often built with effective PR campaigns and then maintained through a blend of marketing and PR tactics. The impact of the Internet is having profound impact upon PR and Marketing practices enabling PR practitioners to conduct two way communications in order to maintain and enhance customer relationships MARKETING Marketing- according to CIM, marketing the management of process responsible for identifying anticipating and satisfying customer requirement profitably accord to hand out marketing is a way of thinking ,a philoslphy . the amrican marketing association define markettin as : The process of planing and executing the conception .pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, good and service to create exchange that satisfy individual and oregnisational goal(bennett1995) the marketing function is the study of market forces and factors and the development of the companys position to optimise its benefit from them . acoord to Richard hall- The first golden rule of marketing is that nothing is imposible PUBLIC REALATION Public relations concern any organisation, commercial or non commercials .it exists whether we like it or not, you cannot decide to have or not have  public relations public relation consists of all .communications with all the people with whom an organisation has contact .an individual also experience public relation, unless he or she is utterly isolated and beyond human contact. So misunderstand is public relation that the last place to look for a satisfactory definition is in dictionary .let us examine there internationally respected definition which I are familiar to PR professionals.   According to- IPR (institute of public relations)   Ã‚  Ã‚   public relation practice is the planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between an organisation and its public . (As revised November 1987) According to  Frank Jeflcins  Definition Public relation consists of all forms of planned communication outwards and inwards between an anisation and its public for the purpose of achieving specific objectives concerning mutual understanding. The Mexican Statement following the world assembly of public relation associations in Mexico City in August 1978, this  statement was agreed. Public relations practices is the  art and social science of analyzing trends, predicting their consequences, counselling organisation readers, and implementing planed programmer of action which will serve both the organisations and the public interest. (public realation by franks jefkins ,page nom 7,8) ISBN 0712117O91. OBEROI HOTEL Location of the Oberoi Hotels: In India, these hotels include The Oberoi Rajvilas, Jaipur; The Oberoi Amarvilas, Agra; Wildflower Hall, Shimla in the Himalayas; The Oberoi Vanyavilas, Ranthambhore; The Oberoi Cecil, Shimla and The Oberoi Udaivilas, Udaipur. Overseas, the new hotels include The Oberoi, Lombok in Indonesia, The Oberoi, Mauritius and The Oberoi, Sahl Hasheesh in Egypt. The Oberoi Zahra, Luxury Nile Cruiser, Egypt was launched in 2007. The Groups commitment to excellence, attention to detail and personalised service has ensured a loyal list of guests and accolades in the worldwide hospitality industry.The hotel has hosted a long list of notable guests including The Beatles, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Bill Clinton, Jacques Chirac, The King Queen of Norway, The Duke Duchess of Kent, The Duke of Edinburgh, The Prince of the wale , Roger Moore, Joan Collins, Mick Jagger, Deep Purple, Michael Palin, Hillary Clinton, Michelle Barack Obama as well as professional cricket teams on tour. History of The Oberoi Hotel : The Oberoi Group, founded in 1934, operates 28 hotels and three cruisers in five countries under the luxury Oberoi and five-star Trident brands. The Group is also engaged in flight catering, airport restaurants, travel and tour services, car rentals, project management and corporate air charters. The Oberoi Group Hotels was founded by Mr.Rai Bahadur M.S.Oberoi in 1934. They have two principal brands THE DELUXE OBEROI BRAND and THE FIRST CLASS INTERNATIONAL TRIDENT BRAND. It owns and runs thirty five luxury and first class hotels in seven countries. Five Oberoi Group Hotels are members of The Leading Hotels Of The World and eight are members of The Leading Small hotels Of The World. It employs about 12,000 people worldwide and they are the trend setter as they were first to introduce in-house laundry and to employ women in their hotel. Marketing Strategy of the Oberoi Hotels (Oberoi Group): The Oberoi Group, founded in 1934, operates 28 hotels and three cruisers in five countries under the luxury Oberoi and five-star Trident brands. The Group is also engaged in flight catering, airport restaurants, travel and tour services, car rentals, project management and corporate air charters. A distinctive feature of The Groups hotels is their highly motivated and well trained staff who provide exceptionally attentive, personalised and warm service. The Groups new luxury hotels have established a reputation for redefining the paradigm of luxury and excellence in service amongst leisure hotels around the world. Today, Mr.P.R.S.Oberoi is the Chairman of The Oberoi Group and his son; Mr.Vikram Oberoi and his nephew, Mr.Arjun Oberoi serve in the capacities of Joint Managing Directors at EIH Ltd and EIH Associated Hotels, the two major holding companies of The Oberoi Group. The Oberoi Group is committed to employing the best environmental and ecological practices in technology, equipment and operational processes. The Group also supports philanthropic activities that range from education to assistance for the mentally and physically challenged. The Group is also a keen contributor to the conservation of nature and of cultural heritage. STRATERGY ANALYSIS of The Oberoi Hotel Palace Hotel: SWOT ANALYSIS : Swot analysis is a strategy planning model which is stands for Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and threats involves in a business venture it involves specifying the venture of business and swot analysis is also identifying the internal and external factors which are suitable and unsuitable for achieve that objective. Strength : Characteristics of the business or team which are giving advantage over other in the hotel industry. Weakness : Weaknesses are external factor of the organization and disadvantage relative to others.The cost of land in India is high at 50% of total project cost as against 15% abroad. This acts as a major deterrent to the Indian hotel industry. The hotel industry in India is heavily staffed. This can be gauged from the facts that while Indian hotel companies have a staff to room ratio of 3:1, this ratio is 1:1 for international hotel companies. Opportunities: External chances of the industry to make greater sail and profit in the environment. Threats: External elements which can create a trouble for the business of hotel industry. Competitors: There are so many competitors around the business of Oberoi Group Hotel they have price war with each other they are providing same facilities like as Oberoi Hotel thus it has direct competition with following brands who are looking forwards to join the race such as: The Taj Mahal Hotel Marine plaza The orchid Le meridian. Acquisition Hotel Blue Diamond Pune Leela. Strategy Planning Model Strategy planning can be very benefit to the success of any hotel. However there is not only one strategy model for every business while choosing strategy planning model hotel industry need to take into account that which model is best for their business with what they are trying to accomplish. Various hotel business analysis techniques are using strategy planning including Swot analysis, pest analysis. Strategy planning is dealing with three question key: What business we are doing in? For whom we are doing it? How we can do it? Planning: Planning is a specification of goals the housekeepers and the means to accomplish by the managing department. Setting objectives: Determining desired results. Developing strategies: Deciding how and when to achieve goals. Programming: Establishing priorities, sequence, and timing of step to be taken. Budgeting: Allocating resources. Developing policies: Making standing decisions on important Vision: Oberoi Hotel wants to see the organization whichs dreams leadership in hospitality industry by understanding their guest, delivering products and services according to their expectations. They are also want to see their hotel as a responsive organization where decision making is encourage at all level of organization which accept change according to time. It will be responsible towards their guest and stakeholders. Their main vision about their business that Oberoi Hotel industry want to see multi skilled workforce, which consist team player who have pride of ownership, translating organizational Vision into reality. The Oberoi Hotel groups of hotels trying itself to the overall improvement of the ecological environment. Oberoi Hotel industry always recognizes that they are not owner but they are caretakers of the planet and they will stable it to their children and future generation of humankind. Their commitment encompasses all action related to their product, services, associate, vendors and community. Mission: The main mission of the Oberoi Hotel that they are committed to meeting and exceeding the expectation of their guest through their dedication to every aspect of services. They want growth, development and welfare of their society and they want to make it really. In their business they will create extra ordinary values for their shareholders. Values: Oberoi Hotel believe in the cultural diversity respect of the people, passion for excellence, sense of urgency in work accountability, social responsibility joy at work. Oberoi Hotel industry feels that their people and guests are a latest key of their success. They respect the diversity of people, their idea and honour the value individual in a team. They want to get perfection of their achieving and continuously try to improve the process of global bench market. They got success by exceeding the all expectation of their stakeholders and by protecting the interest of shareholders. They are encouraged innovation and supporting the growth through knowledge. Learning and by put the knowledge into the practice. Oberoi Hotel industry believes in fair environment because that provides equal opportunity, brotherhood, to attract develops and retains the best talent from others. Goals of The Oberoi Hotel: Oberoi Hotel has many goals such as promoting any big event happening in the country and they have Formula 1 special offer for their guest. Creating bonds and good relation with their training centre to develop their staff and business. They are providing car and buses facility to transfer their customer where they have parked. The goals of the Oberoi Hotel is to replace the system in which communicate department have work with the bolster security after 2008 at the Oberoi Hotel and tower. MARKETING MIX The marketing mix is the tactical toolkit of product, place, price and promotion that marketes manipulat in order to satisfy their customers and implement their target market stratergies.(marketing briefe by Dibbs simikin 2001 ,page num 165 ) Conclusion: In the overall observation I have found that the main purpose of the hospitality and tourism industry is entertainment and satisfaction of the customer. Oberoi Hotel is using swot analysis to run have defining the strength, weakness, opportunities which identifying the internal and external threats and professional housekeeper, teamwork and leadership are the strength point of Oberoi Hotel. Oberoi Hotel always offering a range of facilities and business services like as internet, fax machine. I have found that the managing risk of the Oberoi Hotel refers both internal and external risk including Training, Evaluating, delegating etc. In the end of all we can say that Oberoi Hotel is one of the best hotel in the world due to their Location, Facilities and Business services. Recommendation: The data which is discribe in this assigenment that all is very usefull to starting and runging in the new bussiness. . Before starting any business we have need to make strategy planning. Strategy mean planning like how we can manage our business and how we can fulfill the needs of customers and how we can run our business with very good planning. Every businessman should give focus on the customers need because this is first and very important thing in business. Before open any hotel we should know that which place is right for situated the hotel we can say that is good accommodation of the hotel. For example: Oberoi Hotel is situated on the very good place its on the gateway of India and near the many Airports of Mumbai and it helps the travelers from incoming flights to find the hotel immediately. Before starting any business we make any strategy then we can face less problems otherwise we have to face lots of problems like as: Terrorism, New government rules and regulation, Comp etitors etc. We should try to improve the weakness of our business and alert about the threats of our business. Terrorism is always very big problem for the OBEROI HOTEL because of its popularity that is always in the eyes of terrorist. Oberoi Hotel has always needed to be aware from the terrorist activities. Some time hotel industry have to face problem in the Swot Analysis its mean Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats and in Pest analysis is stands on Political, Economical, Social and Technical factors. Hotel should have to select good staff for in managing and in housekeeping department and staff should be expert that how they can impress the customer and fulfill their need and satisfaction. Business man should run the Monitoring system with this they can check that how their employees are doing work and they can find the weakness of their business. Business men have need to providing good salary and facilities like as: Bonus to their workers. Managing risk is most important thing for the hotel industry it includes both internal and external risk such as coordinating, Selecting Employee, Training, Directing. Organization should arrange and delegating work for accomplishment of the objects coordination in in volves activities design to create a relationship among all organization efforts to accomplish their goals.

Workplace Evaluation of Status and Economic Comparison

Workplace Evaluation of Status and Economic Comparison Viktoria Konstantinova Key features of Work Practice Organization Evaluate your workplace in the context of its legal status and size in relation to both the Irish economy and world economy I have been on work experience in a community crà ¨che in disadvantage area since January 2014 until the place closed down and unfortunately I couldn’t get their policy and procedures. Therefore I will be evaluating my previous work experience from Level 5. The Child Care Act 1991 is one of the most important and comprehensive piece of legislation, in relation to the care of children. And everyone who is working with children have a legal obligation to adhere to this Legislation and every childcare setting is required to keep a copy of it at their premises and staff should consult and be familiar with roles and responsibilities stated in the Act. Child’s rights are the first Standard in Siolta’s Guidelines and my workplace implements it by offering children choices and uses their interest and initiative to participate in their own development and learning. Another example of promoting children’s rights is that it is now written in the Irish constitution after Referendum on children’s rights were held thanks to UNCRC (United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child) which is ratified by most countries, except USA, Somalia, South Sudan The setting is privately owned and is located in a big house that was refurbished into a childcare according to all necessary Regulations that are required by law and stated in the Pre-School Regulations 2006. These Regulations provide for health, welfare and development of the children 0 – 6 years. As part of Pre-school regulations 2006 individuals working with children must be qualified to minimum requirement FETAC level 5 Major Award in childcare and Garda Vetted to fulfil their responsibilities to protect children in their care. †The new ECCE scheme directly pays pre-schools to provide a place for one year per child between the ages of 3 years 3 months and 4 years 6 months at September 1st each year. A higher rate is available as an incentive to encourage graduates with a relevant third level degree in early childhood to work in the sector† ( Neylon, 2012:2). Services that operate free pre-school year are required to implement Siolta principles and Aistear Curr iculum along with notification to HSE to run the service, Tax Clearance Certificate, Staff Ratios (â€Å"For each group of 16 children in a full day care setting there must be at least 1 Pre-school leader who meets the qualification requirements outlined above (i.e. minimum FETAC Level 5 or equivalent)† (www.dcya.gov.ie) My work experience has both pieces of legislation on the premises and is available to read for everyone staff and the parents along with inspection compliance forms. Most European countries now provide free universal admission to Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) services for children aged three to six. They usually provide subsidies for children aged less than three and children of school age. Ireland only provides free preschool year for specific age group from 3 years 2 months – less 4 years 7months on 1st of September of the year that they are starting. A lot of countries provide long maternity leave for mothers and fathers (Sweden) usually until child is entitled to free education which helps both parents to participate in employment, therefore beneficial to economy. Examine the workplace’s organizational structure, mission statement and values Their services aims and objectives are to provide a service that is based on the needs of the families and children as well as the staff. Like for children: an environment which meets nutrition, health and safety requirements, supports and strengthens family ties, and which reflects the socioeconomic, cultural and ethnic background of its users, which accounts for the additional needs of children (There is a large collection of age appropriate toys and equipment which will ensure that your childs developmental needs are met. The equipment is kept at a level which ensures that your child, as an individual can choose to play with what he/she wishes to. Rooms are bright and spacious with separate sleep room) Adults who respect them as individuals, and foster their unique abilities (physical, intellectual, social and emotional), background and ethnic identities, a curriculum that is consistent yet flexible to reflect children’s interest and encompassing gender equality (room staff are carefully chosen based on a special affinity they have with children of specific age group. They ensure that your child receives constant attention with variety of curriculums according to their age). For families: Supports them in providing an environment which promotes the holistic developmental needs of their children, respects and responds to the needs, values and cultural diversity of the parents (having an active exchange of information between parents and staff on a daily basis by sending home a sheet to let you know what your child has been doing during the day. For staff: goal as a staff team is to facilitate an open and effective working relationship whereby the practitioners are supportive and respectful of one anothers needs (Conducting staff meetings and appraisals on a regular basis and provide learning opportunities both internal and external). Crà ¨ches mission states that their aim is to treat your child as an individual who will receive the very best care and attention that we can provide in a safe, loving, caring and stimulating environment. Setting has a strong commitment to provide a progressive and consistently high quality child care service where the needs of both the children and the families are met. As dedicated Early Childhood Professionals, they believe that children are unique individuals who learn and develop skills through the process of exploration within an educational, play-based curriculum. Our service continues to offer care and activities for children with additional needs. The crà ¨che caters for children from 3 months – 12 years. It’s privately owned crà ¨che and consists of a baby room (3months – 1.5 years), wobbler/toddler room (1.5 years – 3 years), Hi scope room for senior toddlers (3 year – 4 years), Montessori Pre-School (4 – 5 years), Afterschool ( 5 – 12 years). Assess the workplace culture and management practices of your ECCE setting based on your experience My work placement setting is a crà ¨che and Montessori, and offers after school care, ECCE scheme, CETS scheme and full and part time places, sessional Hi-scope classes and is privately owned. Overall values and culture of my work experience is very family oriented, and management practices support parents, children and staff members. The setting has family like environment with a lot of siblings attending a crà ¨che. The management constantly obtains an open door policy allowing parents to either drop off or collect their children at any time. Parents do not take an active role in policy changes, however, management do welcome at any time any suggestions parents might have to change policies as they are always trying to improve our service. Communication between owner and the parent is usually through an email or one to one meetings. Owner and Management are very involved in the crà ¨che life and not only sit in the office, they also working and participate in the activities and outings with children (on one occasion owner came down with her car to bring some of the children that didn’t fit on the bus to the farm). Everyone in the setting follow policy and proced ures, especially on outings and on the school runs. Regular meetings held by the owner and the staff on a monthly basis, and small staff meetings held by manager with room leaders and childcare assistants weekly. Staff are communicating with parents face to face and through little notes that they record what the children did on everyday basis. Relationships and working atmosphere is very friendly and pleasant because owner recognises the complex and fluid nature of the work of the staff in the Centre. And provides staff with on-going and diverse training (Siolta training, they have recently received full Siolta Verification) that will offer them an opportunity to further their skills. Owner and Management believe that this kind of training commitment will lead to the highest possible standard of care for the young people in the Centre and to the development of greater job satisfaction and professional progression for all the staff. And for this reason staff feel valued and motivated in their work. Bibliography Childhood Care and Education 1990–2004† [Online] available at: http://www.cecde.ie/english/pdf/conference_papers/WalshQoQ.pdf last accessed on 1.07.2014 Centre for Early Childhood Development Education (2014) â€Å"Germany† [Online] available at: http://www.cecde.ie/english/pdf/Making%20Connections/MC%20Chapter%206.pdf last accessed on 1.07.2014 Department of Children and Youth Affairs,2011 â€Å"ECCE Programme Guide to the Programme and the Administrative Procedures for Service Providers and Parents† [Online] available at: http://www.dcya.gov.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/childcare/GuidetotheProgrammeAdministrativeProceduresforServiceProvidersandParents.htm last accessed 1.07.2014 Department of Education and Science, 2009, â€Å"Developing the workforce in the early childhood care and education sector Background discussion paper† [Online] available at: http://www.education.ie/en/Schools-Colleges/Information/Early-Years/eye_background_discussion_paper.pdf last accessed on 1.07.2014 Early Childhood Ireland, 2012, â€Å"Salary Survey 2012† http://www.earlychildhoodireland.ie/advocacy-research-and-campaigns/research/surveys/salary-survey-2012/ Irish Times.(2011) †Nordic childcare model best for economic and social wellbeing†. Irish Times: Ireland [Online], Available at:http://cmi.mannadev.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Nordic-Childcare-best-for-economic-and-social-wellbeing-Irish-Times-9.6.11.pdf last accessed on 2.07.04 National Women’s Council of Ireland. 2005. â€Å"Accessible childcare† [Online] available at: http://www.dit.ie/cser/media/ditcser/images/accessible-childcare.pdf last accessed on 2.07.04 Neylon G., 2012, â€Å"An Analysis of the Free Pre-School Year in Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) scheme – from a Practitioner’s Perspective† [Online], available at: http://icep.ie/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/icep12_submission_19.pdf last accessed on 1.07.2014 Salary Explorer, 2014, [online], available at: http://www.salaryexplorer.com/average-salary.php?loc=81loctype=1job=699jobtype=3show=job last accessed on 1.07.2014 Statistic Sweden, 2014, â€Å"Wage and salary structures and employment in the primary municipalities† [Online] available at: http://www.scb.se/en_/Finding-statistics/Statistics-by-subject-area/Labour-market/Wages-salaries-and-labour-costs/Wage-and-salary-structures-and-employment-in-the-primary-municipalities/Aktuell-Pong/7634/2012/28336/ last accessed on 2.07.04 Policy and Procedure from the creche 2014 Walsh T., (2004) â€Å"Quality: A Global Issue? An International Review of Quality in Early

Jane Austens Life and Work Essay -- Author Biography

Jane Austen, one of the most celebrated novelists, wrote seven of the most distinguished novels in the English language. Her first novel--which she started in 1795, revised in 1809 or 1810, and finally published in 1811—was Sense and Sensibility. Many agree that her most renowned work would be Pride and Prejudice. Austen began writing in her early twenties but did not publish her work until later in her life. She obtained a better education than most women of her time. Born in Steventon Village in Hampshire on December 16, 1775, Austen was born into an upper middle class family. She was the daughter of George Austen, a clergyman, and Cassandra Austen. Austen received her education at Reading Abby School. Before she was eighteen Austen had written three volumes of juvenilia and her first book was published at the age of thirty-five. Pride and Prejudice, originally titled First Impressions, was submitted to a London publisher by her father in 1797, a year after Austen b egan writing it. Although the novel was enjoyed by many of her friends and family, the publisher rejected it. She moved to Bath in 1801 and continued to work on First Impressions until 1805 when her father and a close friend passed away in which time she stopped writing for almost five years. In 1809 Austen moved to Hampshire at Chawton College, close to her hometown of Steventon and on January 28, 1813 Pride and Prejudice was published anonymously. Austen’s novels are about people of her societal class on courtship and marriage and throughout her life there were approximately fifteen anonymous reviews, three on Pride and Prejudice. James Edward Austen-Leigh, Austen’s nephew, wrote her first biography in 1870 portraying her as a benevolent, devout, â€Å"spin... ...te, clever, pointed, and satirical to say the least. Jane Austen’s Emma relates to her life in the fact that she writes about the people in her societal class. All of her characters live near the area she grew up in and are all upper middle class families. In Emma George Knightley is often the voice of Austen herself. He relays her opinions and emotions in a subtle way that does not disengage the reader too much. While relaying her opinions and emotions through a character within the novel, it keeps the reader involved enough to keep their emotions within the story and not towards Austen herself. Works Cited Collins, K K. â€Å"Austen, Jane.† World Book Student. World Book Student. Web. 4 Jan. 2011. Gale Student Resources in Context. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2011. Hodge, J.A., et al. â€Å"Jane Austen.† Columbia Encyclopedia. EBSCOhost. Web. 4 Jan. 2011.

The Road Beneath My Feet :: essays research papers

Style Analysis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The author in this story, Kevin McConnell, states that his main consideration in writing 'The Road Beneath My Feet'; was to develop a style that would remain consistent throughout the entire story. I feel that he accomplished this consistent style in a few different ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One way the author tried to accomplish this was by the way that he used his figures of speech. Many of the authors' statements were very similar if not exact. For example, the author says a few times that 'the dust would rise and choke me.'; This figure of speech is repetitious, which I feel is one way that the author tried to capture the consistent style that he was looking for. Also, the author said, 'my pace was steady and rather fast.'; This statement is also used repeatedly as another way that he develops this consistent style.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another way the author develops his consistent style is in the way he describes certain images. For example, there are a few different occasions where his way of describing what he sees around him are similar to eachother in a way that they all make reference to the fact that the day is going by and it will soon reach dusk. Like when he said 'the soft dew of morning which had glistened and twinkled on the blades of grass which grew in clumps by the side of road quietly disappeared.'; This indicates that the day is going on. At another point in the story the author makes reference to the shadows saying that they have grown longer, which would indicate the sun was setting. Also, the author never exactly comes right out and says the obvious. He uses his descriptive ways to give you an idea of what is going on or happening. For example, he never exactly says that the man he encounters on the road is an old man. He just gives certain physical characteristics that would associate with an old man. I feel his reasoning for this was to also indicate that this man was not just old but a man of wisdom, which very often is associated with old age.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my mind this particular short story has a very interesting meaning behind it. This meaning is one that many younger people such as myself would benefit most from. I think that the whole point of the story is that you shouldn't just rush along and always be in such a hurry.

Conclusion Cults

The cults are characterized by their methods and also their beliefs. A cult refers to a social group that is cohesive and it is devoted to practices and beliefs of the surrounding culture considered to be out of the mainstream with notably negative or positive admired perceptions. In most of the times cults have a positive and a negative perception with the positive perception relating it to the groups of arts, fiction, writing, music and fashion. On the other hand the negative for cultic movements relates it to pyramidal business groups, questionable therapeutic groups and also extreme political groups.The status of a cultic populist group begins as a rumor of the belief system in a novel including its devotions that are great, its practices that are idiosyncratic and also its positive or negative effects on the members and its perception. In most cases cults are defined in such a way that they are viewed and identified as problematic groups and if we were to do away with the proble matic concern the attributes and the characteristics of cultic groups would not be in existence, (Richardson N. 2004). Types of cults The Utopian CultThis group of people share a belief that the Lord, Jesus Christ returned back to earth way back in the year 70. The return of Christ made it possible for the community to bring the millennium kingdom of Christ themselves. Consequently, the cult believers were able to free themselves of sin and have hence forth been perfected in the world. They do not wait for perfection in heaven since they already attained it down here on earth. This community was characterized by the spirit of communalism. They owned all processions and property communally. They were present in Vermont, New Jersey, Newark, Wallingford and Putney among other places.The community initially had 87 members but the number grew up to 306 by the year 1878. All the branches of this cult were closed down in the year 1854. The only surviving community by the name the Wallingfo rd community was unfortunately devastated and washed away by a tornado way back in 1854. The Apocalypse Cult This cult typology has people who believe that the world is coming to an end. The cult is also commonly known by the term, dooms day cult. They site the examples of the weapons of mass destruction as one of the elements that will bring the world to an end.They claim that the planet earth is being faced by wrath and great threats to the existence of human kind and that it will be wiped off from the face of the earth as well as the world history, (Wilson, Stephen, 1993). The cult holds affirm belief that the Lord Jesus Christ will only come back to earth after there has occurred a holocaust of nuclear in the Middle East. They then argue that the most powerful leaders today have been brainwashed by this belief and that’s the reason why they are propagating for the nuclear weapons and those of mass destruction.They cult leaders who are apocalyptic have contributed to the l oss of lives by thousands of people. The followers believe that they are the chosen ones by Christ and have been saved from the evils of this world and will eternally live at the right most hand of Jesus Christ. They prophesy on the rapture and try to speed up the second coming of Christ. Religious Cults A religious cult has other external religious observances and practices apart from the sacred scriptures and the faith of the believers. Religious cults normally have veneration devotion that goes beyond the living. They are characterized worship of the dead.The observances of religious cults include ceremonies and rituals that may be done in a variety of forms including sacrifice, prayers or hymns. These cult types also have idols and sacred places that are used for pilgrimages, (Weissen, K. 1992). The most notorious cults are the doomsday or apocalyptic cults since they are known to mislead and brainwash their follower’s minds and sometimes even to death. Cults and Canada C anada should have legislation against the formation and following of cults. Cults do lure many innocent citizens who feel that the world has not been fair to them.These people are normally desperate and the cults easily take advantage of this and promise them of a fruitful and good life beyond this earth. Through these cults, hundreds of people have lost their lives where the followers are at times advised by their leaders to take away their lives so as to meet Christ and move away from this desperate and evil world. Cults should hence be done away with and absolutely banned through legislation. The difference between a religion and a cult lies in extremity while the religions don’t and also the cults exhibit them with a greater vigor than all the other religions do.It is important to clearly define the term cult and how it differs or it’s similar to religion. A cult is not just defined as a religion and on the other hand the major world’s religions are not cult s, (Richardson N. 2004). Some people say that the only difference that exists between a cult and a religion is a hundred years. Cults do not have any positive gains since they eventually lead to the destruction of their followers or they misguide and mislead their followers to an extent that they become confused. The followers of a cult do not normally see those who are not part of this form of worship as leading the true way of life.They can even cause harm to those who criticize them, (James, Simon 1993). The strength of the cults is that they are able to lure worshipers into believing on the doctrines of the cult and eventually brainwash them. They are based on materialism and hence innocent people would give in to their ideas. Their main weakness is that they do not end well. More often than not, the cult followers end up losing their lives to the beliefs and ill advice of their leaders. The followers lead a miserable life with the untrue promises given to them by their leaders, (Herm and Jerhard, 2001). Conclusion Cults have existed for very many years to date.Some people normally are not able to tell the difference between cults and the true religious faith. This is more so because there are even religious cults. The cult community normally shares a set of beliefs which could have their end focused on Christ or not. A very prominent editor for the Washington weekly turned down an article proposal on the issue of science and church by saying that the only difference that existed between a religion and a cult was a hundred years. Similarly a larger number of people agree to such sentiments as they equate religions to cults and insist on the blurriness of any line that separates them in any way.It seems perverse for the religious people who are honest to their faiths to be grouped together with those who run cults. References Herm, Jerhard, (2001): The Celts: The People Who Came Out of the Darkness. NY: St. Martin's Press James, Simon (1993): The World of t he Cults. London: Thames and Hudson, 1993. Richardson N. (2004): The Homeric Hymn to Demeter, Oxford Weissen, K. (1992): Goddess Worship and the Status of Women in Ancient Celtic Society. Hampshire College: Wilson, Stephen, (1993): Saints and their Cults: Studies in Religious Sociology, Folklore and History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press

Advantages and Disadvantages of Tourism Essay

Tourism is the act of travel for the purpose of not only recreation, but also the provision of services for this act. It might occupy local services such as entertainment, accommodation and catering for tourists. It may seem, that tourism brings only benefits, but further consideration shows that it also has disadvantages. Firstly, many countries depend heavily upon travel expenditures by foreigners as a source of taxation and as a source of income for the enterprises. Therefore, the development of tourism is often a strategy to promote a particular region for the purpose of increasing commerce through exporting goods and services. Secondly, it provides direct employment for the people associated with occupations in bars and hotels. Thanks to it, the average standard of living of people increases well and at the same time unemployment is on the decrease. However, tourists cause environmental damage through forest fires, destruction of sand dunes and pollution. Consequently this serves negatively as increased pollution disturbs local residents and also it may discourage tourists from further entering the country. After this, tourism undermines culture by commercializing it and this is often connected with increasing litter, graffiti, vandalism and noise – tourists do not always respect traditional cultures, which is sad but true. In general, tourism is an extremely profitable process in loads of countries, especially those in which the process of development continue to depend on this industry because this industry does not require a lot of literacy and also it yields maximum profits with less investment. Advantages and Disadvantages of Tourism Essay Grenadines Island is a small island with limited education facilities. Primarily motivated students can easily start their own education. Many people think of education as something that occurs in a school or classroom. However, knowledge-eager students can gain additional skills behind the walls of schools. This self-teaching approach in the â€Å"New Pedagogy† is based on motivated people studying outside of general compulsory education. Students should have a chance to acquire other knowledge based on their interests, which are not the interests of their teachers through the self-teaching approach. The self-teaching project requires an active approach from the student. Students remember competences they gathered through their own endeavors and efforts. Students should look for information and classify it independently. Students should learn to read technical writings of others. In educational-research projects, students are developing a whole spectrum of cognitive abilities – thinking and reasoning, memory and learning, attention, perception, judgment, imagining and problem solving. Research method as the form of education requires individual problem solving of students for an integrated problem assignment. A virtual nature, virtual universe or virtual reality is essential for the science education. The virtual reality mimics the real world and students can safely perform experiments on it. Students can perform  thought experiments  otherwise impossible to do in reality. Moreover, a computation is becoming as important as a theory and experiment. Technology, the use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, has a profound impact on the way we live. A powerful method of science and research endeavor brings us every aspect of our comfort. Therefore, I propose a four-level educational architecture which is divided into four levels. The first level is for casual students who are interested in nothing more than in animations that are suitable for public presentations. Students in the second level will use an existing simulation program, change input parameters and look for results. Third level students will be more interested and will read technical information written in the second part of this thesis to get a better insight. The four-level architecture culminates with students reading, programming, analyzing and expanding galaxy dynamics simulations, and with a deep understanding of numerical simulations.

Emotions Essay

How important are your emotions in your life? There are many factors involved in making decisions but the most important are the emotions. My whole life is full of decisions that I made using my emotions. Emotions are the best way to make decision because emotions give a different point of view of the reality, help to choose the right options, and they are the key to success. Firstly; emotions always give me a different point of view of the reality. When I was eleven years old, I had a friend that was always in trouble.I decide to don’t talk to him anymore because he was a bad influence to me. But when I get home I feel bad for him. I decided to call him and invited him to my home. There I talked with him about his attitude. He told me that he acted like that because he did not have friends. For that reason he all the time was mad and sad. We spent the whole afternoon playing football. Then I realize the amazing person that the boy was. Since that day we have been friends and he made a lot of friends in school. That day my emotions let me see the right view of the reality.Secondly, emotions help me to choose the right options. When I was a kid my parents put me in a English course after school. No one of my friends liked that course; all of them decide to change it for a funnier course. I talked to my parents about that but they did not let me change the course. All of my friends told me to change the course without telling my parents. In that moment I have that decision in my hands. I realize that my parents put me in that course because they love me and I could not betray them. I felt the need to pay that love with responsibility.So, I decided to keep going to the English course. After many years, I can say that decision was one of the best decisions in my life. Thirdly, emotions are the key to success. I am senior in high school and I want to be a successful student at college. Looking for colleges is very stressful specially because some of them have really specific requirements. For me Rutgers was the university that I want to get accepted but their requirements were very high. I really want to get accepted but at the same time I was scary to get reject.But my emotions give me the confidence to see that I have a lot of qualities that make me an excellent student to get accepted in that university. Therefore, my emotions give me enough bravely to success. Therefore, the most important factors to make decisions are the emotions. I always make decisions using my emotions. And all of those decisions give me a lot of good moments. Emotions give us a different point of view of the reality, help us to choose the right options, and they are the key to success. So, it is your chose how your emotions will influence your life and your future.